Extremism in Pakistan is a complex and persistent challenge, deeply rooted in historical, socio-political, and religious factors. Over the past four years, the country has witnessed a sharp increase in various forms of extremism, including religious militancy, an ethnonationalist insurgency in Balochistan, and faith-based violence. Communal and sectarian attacks, targeted killings, and the persecution of religious minorities have become distressingly common. Incidents such as the lynching of those accused of blasphemy and mob attacks on worship places and homes underscore a pervasive climate of intolerance and violence.